In what way can genetic markers be used?

Genetic markers serve as specific sequences of DNA that can be used to identify individuals uniquely. They provide a molecular fingerprint that is different for each person, which makes them particularly valuable in a variety of fields such as forensic science, paternity testing, and genetic research. By analyzing these markers, scientists can compare genetic material from different individuals to establish relationships, identify suspects in criminal cases, or study population genetics.

In the context of the other options, while enhancing endurance in athletes, tracking environmental changes, and determining plant growth rates may involve genetic studies, they do not directly relate to the specific function of genetic markers in identification. These other uses pertain more to broader genetic traits or environmental interactions rather than the singular role of genetic markers in identifying individuals.