What is gene therapy?

Gene therapy is defined as a treatment that involves altering or replacing defective genes in order to cure or prevent diseases. This innovative approach targets the underlying genetic causes of illnesses by either correcting faulty genes or introducing new, functional copies of genes to restore normal function. The primary goal is to address disorders that are caused by genetic mutations, offering potential cures for previously untreatable conditions.

The effectiveness of gene therapy has led to groundbreaking advancements in the treatment of various genetic disorders, some types of cancer, and certain viral infections. By specifically focusing on the genetic component of diseases, gene therapy has the potential to provide long-term solutions, moving beyond traditional treatments that manage symptoms rather than the root cause.

In contrast to the other options, methods such as cloning genes are focused on research and may not directly involve treatment of diseases. Vaccination, while essential for preventing infectious diseases, operates on a different principle, aiming to prompt an immune response rather than altering genetic material. Natural selection is a fundamental biological process explaining evolution and does not pertain to therapeutic interventions for individual health conditions.